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Jeleński Palace in Glinciszki, photo Vilensija, 2016
Licencja: CC BY 3.0, Źródło: Wikimedia Commons, Warunki licencji
Fotografia przedstawiająca The palace and park complex in Glinciszki
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ID: POL-001959-P

The palace and park complex in Glinciszki

ID: POL-001959-P

The palace and park complex in Glinciszki

One of the most prominent noble families in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the Jeleński family of Korczak coat of arms. The family owned Glinciszki, an estate where a neo-Gothic palace was built in the second half of the 19th century.

From a larch manor house to a historicising palace. History of the estate
Glinciszki is an estate of medieval origin. In 1756 the estate was taken over by the Jeleński family and remained in their hands until the Second World War. The first representative of the family to manage the estate was Rafał Józef. At that time, the function of the seat was performed by a larch manor - for a long time fully satisfying the needs of the owners, also used in the next century. The change came at the initiative of the Moszy marshal Kazimierz Jeleński, who erected a brick palace endowed with fashionable neo-Gothic architecture on the site of the demolished manor house. Among other things, the residence housed library collections and works of art, testifying to the financial capabilities and intellectual horizons of the owners.

The estate's time of prosperity lasted until the Second World War. After the Second World War, new functions were sought for the complex, including an agricultural production cooperative (kolkhoz). The palace was successively converted into offices and a school, and at the end of the 20th century, the knowledge-gathering function was partly resumed - in 1996, a library and cultural centre were placed in the building.

Neo-Gothic Jeleński Mansion
. Particularly noteworthy is the architectural form of the palace from around 1860, which was fully inspired by the medieval style - eagerly used in buildings erected in the historicist era. The building was given an irregular plan, close to a rectangle supplemented by annexes. The resulting picturesqueness was the result of the architect's conscious action and concept, rather than the limitations created by the predefined course of the walls. Despite the diversity, the massing remains quite compact and in the main part (except for the lower annexes) is two-storey. At the front and on the garden side, central, shallow risalits have been introduced, flanked by polygonal, neo-Gothic turrets. The façades feature pilaster articulation (on the ground floor) and lisens (on the first floor). The shafts of the wall supports, each embracing two axes, are decorated with rectangular panels. In the main seven-axis façade, semicircularly closed windows and entrance doors were given pointed finials. The triaxial risalit, on the first floor, features a balcony with a decorative balustrade. Gothic inspiration is also strongly evident in the arcaded frieze crowning the piano nobile. The central part of the façade is crowned by a stepped attic with a semicircular closed transom, giving the impression of openness - originally the Jeleński (Korczak) and Horwatt (Pobóg) coats of arms were displayed in the transom. The second of the signs referred to the family of Kazimierz Jeleński's wife, Maria. The façades of the palace remain representative of the time when the residence was built, as the building was erected at the dawn of the period of so-called mature historicism, conventionally dated 1860-1895.

. The two floors have a two-tract layout. The ground floor housed, among other things, the chapel and the formal dining room, located in the garden risalit. On the piano nobile, the most important space was the ballroom, flanked by residential flats. During the Jeleński era, the palace interiors received an elaborate decoration. According to preserved information, attention was drawn, among other things, to the oak staircase, inlaid floors, stucco ceiling ornaments and tiled cookers with sculptural decoration. The residence also contained valuable furniture (including Danzig wardrobes) and collections of works of art and handicrafts, which included porcelain wares. There was also a portrait gallery presenting the owners' ancestors. Glinciszki was also the repository of the family archive and an impressive book collection.

The palace was part of a large-scale residential complex. It was built on the shores of Lake Širvís and surrounded by composed vegetation. A poplar avenue led to the residence, passing into a courtyard with gazons, which was formed in front of the main facade. A fashionable landscape park was established in the southern part of the complex. The presence of outbuildings with various functions was also indispensable - from prestige and recreational buildings, an example of which was the orangery, to utilitarian structures (the stables, distillery, manager's house, granary or the two-storey lamus, the facades of which were framed with rusticated pilasters).

The palace and park complex in Glinciškės is one of the better preserved neo-Gothic residences in the Lithuanian lands. Both its architectural form and the memory of its glorious past make the local residence an exceptionally valuable testimony to the founding activity of the Jeleński family and Polish culture.

Author:
Alina Barczyk
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