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Narushevich Palace, the so-called Small Radziwill in Vilnius, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2014, tous droits réservés
Source: Repozytorium Instytutu Polonika
Photo montrant Narushevich Palace in Vilnius
Narushevich Palace, the so-called Small Radziwill in Vilnius, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2014, tous droits réservés
Source: Repozytorium Instytutu Polonika
Photo montrant Narushevich Palace in Vilnius
Narushevich Palace, the so-called Small Radziwill in Vilnius, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2014, tous droits réservés
Source: Repozytorium Instytutu Polonika
Photo montrant Narushevich Palace in Vilnius
Narushevich Palace, the so-called Small Radziwill in Vilnius, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2014, tous droits réservés
Source: Repozytorium Instytutu Polonika
Photo montrant Narushevich Palace in Vilnius
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ID: POL-001469-P

Narushevich Palace in Vilnius

Vilnius | Lithuania
lit. Vilnius
ID: POL-001469-P

Narushevich Palace in Vilnius

Vilnius | Lithuania
lit. Vilnius
Variants of the name:
Mały Radziwiłłów

The origins of the palace are linked to the Naruszewicz family, who before 1655 organised a residence standing on municipal land, consolidating five plots of land. A hundred years later, the palace became the property of the Radziwills. To distinguish it from other Vilnius residences of the family of the Trąby coat of arms, it was called Small. It was situated opposite St Catherine's Benedictine Church, on the street leading to the Vilnius Gate, behind which stood the Radziwiłłs' Janusz Palace. The back yard of the Naruszewicz residence was adjacent to the courtyards of the Sapieha and Oginskis' residences located in Trocka Street, where the Radziwiłłs had also owned real estate since the 16th century.

The Naruszewicz seat stood on an irregular, near-square plot, the north-eastern side of which adjoined an arched street. Immediately adjacent to it was the palace building, situated on an east-west axis. The gate was located at the south-eastern end of the plot, and the whole plot was enclosed by a wall. The building therefore stood in the frontage, but not in the immediate vicinity of other tenements, houses, palaces or churches, which is unusual among Vilnius residences. It was built on a roughly rectangular plan, and the interiors were double-arched. The second-storey façade was decorated with an alternating rhythm of pediments, but the window openings were situated in asymmetrical groups of 2, 3 and 4, reflecting the merging of the earlier buildings into one organism. The window frames were derived from Ionic kimation, decorated with fruit garlands (partly reconstructed), suggesting that a workshop connected with the Lublin environment of the first half of the 17th century had a hand in the creation of the residence.

On the basis of archaeological and architectural research, it was established that from the courtyard the palace had two-storey loggias (now reconstructed). Two outbuildings stood at the northern and western borders of the plot. The extensive garden was located in the northern part.

It is not known whether the actual residence was organised by Stanislaw Narushevich (d. 1650), writer of Lithuania, or by his younger brother Alexander Christopher (d. 1668), sub-chancellor of Lithuania. However, this happened even before 1655, as information about the ransacking of the palace comes from the time of the Moscow occupation. At the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, the palace was owned by Piotr Michał Pac, the starosta of Samogitia, who married Marianna Tekla, daughter of Aleksander Krzysztof Naruszewicz and Teodora of Sapieha (d. 1678), widow of Jerzy Karol Chodkiewicz.

The further fate of the palace is difficult to explain. Probably it passed from hand to hand, being owned, among others, by Jan Kazimierz Lindorf (d. 1732), starosta of Mstislavl and Zhukov, and later by his heirs. In 1757, the seat was owned by the Piarists, who began its reconstruction. However, as early as 1760, the palace was identified as belonging to Mikolaj Kazimierz 'Rybeńka' Radziwill. However, the Duke of Nesvizh and Olitsa did not live in it. He bought the property because it was located at the back of his parcel of land and the actual palace, the so-called Wojewodziński palace in Torcka Street, and was to serve as an outbuilding with extensive buildings.

Mikołaj Kazimierz "Rybeńce" was inherited by his son, Karol Stanisław "Panie Kochanku" (1734-1790), after whom the palace came into the hands of Dominik Hieronim Radziwiłł (1786-1813). In 1796 Pietro de Rossi adapted the premises of the palace for the needs of the municipal theatre, which was crowded with Vilnius residents, including the young Adam Mickiewicz. The northern wing, added on 2/3 of the length of the palace, dates from that time. Between 1845 and 1865, the south wing was added, giving the palace an F-shaped ground plan. The building then housed flats, as well as the pharmacy of Apolinary Justyn Mikutowicz (1838-1893).

Before 1974, the building was renovated for use as a theatre for children and young people. In 1987-1989, the palace was renovated and partially reconstructed according to a design by Giedrė Juknevičienė, and the two-storey arcaded loggia and the south wing were reconstructed. Small fragments of plasterwork and polychromy from the 19th century, fragments of a 17th-18th century fence wall, and a strip of ornamental sgraffito from the first half of the 17th century in the façade, as well as the pediments, have been preserved. Today, the former palace of the Narushevichs, later the Radziwills, houses the Lietuvos teatro, muzikos ir kino muziejus, established in 1992.

Elaborated. Anna Sylwia Czyż

Time of origin:
before 1655, reconstruction: 1796, 1845-1865
Creator:
Pietro de Rossi
Bibliography:
  • A.S. Czyż, Pałace Wilna XVII-XVIII wieku, Warszawa 2021, 277-283.
Author:
dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz.
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