The Dominicans were one of the first Latin religious congregations to settle in Kamieniec Podolski. The monastery of St Nicholas in Kamieniec Podolski was the second Dominican foundation in Podolia after Smotrycz, mentioned in a document of the Polish provincial Jan of Brzeg dated 11 May 1375. However, the date of the monastery's foundation is undoubtedly somewhat earlier, as the document mentions the convent in Kamieniec Podolski already as an important institution for the city's development.

When the first, wooden church burnt down, they built a brick temple together with the monastery in 1420. From 1596, the patronage of St. Nicholas Bishop's Church and Dominican Monastery was assumed by the Potocki family, who provided financial support for the reconstruction of the monastery and church complex after the destruction caused by the fire of 1616, and the devastation that occurred during the Turkish siege of the city in 1672 (a historical minbar is a reminder of the Turkish times). The dissolution of the monastery took place in 1843. - The church became a parish church.

After the destruction of the 20th century (the church was used as a warehouse) and a fire in 1993, the monastery complex is being rebuilt by the Pauline Fathers, who have been the hosts of the temple and the Dominican monastery since 1998.

Since 1999, restoration work has been carried out at the Pod Roman Catholic Church in Kamieniec Podolski, subsidised by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland and the Senate of the Republic of Poland.

Conservation work has been carried out on the presbytery, the stone Mannerist portal and a conservation expert opinion has been carried out on the rainbow arch. An inventory documentation of the 18th-century signal box was also prepared; the object requires reconstruction after it was damaged during a storm in autumn 2002. The conservation work was carried out under the direction of specialists from the Department of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw.

In 2004. The Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, in cooperation with the "Polish Community" Association, financed the next stage of the conservation works carried out in St. Nicholas Bishop's Church, under the direction of Janusz Smaza of the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. The scope of the renovation and conservation work included the purchase of materials necessary for the task and the protection of the rainbow wall, i.e. cleaning the cracks and filling them, partly under pressure, with a binder of varying granulation.