Michał Tadeusz Grażyński, born Michał Tadeusz Kurzydło, pseud. "Borelowski", (1890-1965), born in Gdów, died in London, son of Michał Kurzydło and Marianna, née Zastawniaka, captain in the infantry reserve of the Polish Army, independence, social and scouting activist, doctor of philosophy and law, Silesian Voivode, politically associated with Sanacja. During World War I, he was mobilised into the Imperial and Royal Army. In 1918, he joined the Polish Army and served in Branch II of the General Staff. In 1920 he was commissioned with the rank of lieutenant. He worked for the plebiscite in Spiš and Orava, Upper Silesia. He took part in the Second and Third Silesian Uprisings. In 1919, he became a captain. Between 1921 and 1926, he worked as a researcher at the Jagiellonian University. He probably cooperated with Polish military intelligence. He was associated with the "Zet" organisation. From 1925, he held the post of Silesian Voivode and strove for the development of the region for the benefit of the Republic. He was Chairman of the Silesian Provincial District of the Air and Gas Defence League, Chairman of the Silesian Branch of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP), Chairman of the Slavic Scouts Bureau (1931-1939). On 5 September 1939, he was appointed Minister of Propaganda. On 17 September 1939 he left with the government for France. In October 1939 he formed the Supreme Executive Committee. Because of his sanctioning activities, he was stripped of his position as President of the ZHP by the Polish Government in Exile and exiled to Rothesay. He again served in the Polish Army from 1943 to 1945 and was promoted to lieutenant colonel when the war ended. After the war he lived in the UK. He was one of the founders and an activist of the Polish Independence League (1944), and chairman of the ZHP Overseas (1946-1951).