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St Lazarus Church in Zhovkva, photo Henryk Bielamowicz, 2019
Licencja: CC BY 3.0, Źródło: Wikimedia Commons, Warunki licencji
Fotografia przedstawiająca Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Religious House of ss. Felician Sisters (CSSF) in Żółkwi
St Lazarus Church in Zhovkva, photo Henryk Bielamowicz, 2019
Licencja: CC BY 3.0, Źródło: Wikimedia Commons, Warunki licencji
Fotografia przedstawiająca Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Religious House of ss. Felician Sisters (CSSF) in Żółkwi
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ID: POL-001578-P

Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Religious House of ss. Felician Sisters (CSSF) in Żółkwi

ID: POL-001578-P

Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Religious House of ss. Felician Sisters (CSSF) in Żółkwi

Variants of the name:
Cerkiew św. Łazarza

Historical outline
In 1627, the founder of Zhovkva, Hetman Stefan Zhovkevsky was already dead, but the work of enriching, improving and developing the centre was cultivated by his descendants. However, there was no shortage of room for charity in this broadly defined endeavour to build a modern, beautiful and wealthy town. It was then that Zofia Daniłowiczowa (née Żółkiewska) founded a hospital and a chapel for seven poor patients. Almost a century later, the facilities were consumed by fire, so Prince Jakub Ludwik Sobieski, around 1735, built a new church and hospital. The initiative was scrapped as a result of the Josephine reforms, which took place after the first partition of Poland, and the buildings were turned into a warehouse.

In 1873, however, they were handed over to the Felician Sisters, who had been brought from Krakow. The full name of the congregation and the development of the mysterious abbreviation "CSSF" is: "Congregatio Sororum Santci Felicis (de Cantalice Tertii Ordinis Regularis Sancti Francisci Seraphici)".

The sisters established a two-class female school, and in time also a boarding school and a kitchen for the poor. They also took over the district hospital for the terminally ill, carrying out extensive renovations to the buildings. The funds for this were raised through donations from local landowners. The condition of the church was also improved, with a new floor laid and the dome and roofs covered with sheet metal. This took place in 1891, and in time there were also plans to build completely according to a completely new design, but the plans were not realised. In 1910, however, the sisters built a new convent house on an adjacent plot of land. In the 1920s, a barn was built and the stables were rebuilt. Unfortunately, the Second World War forced the sisters to leave Zhovkva and the Soviets turned the buildings into warehouses. In 1991, the authorities of independent Ukraine handed over the church to the Orthodox.

Architecture
The complex is situated behind the city walls, on the northern side of the Lviv route. It consists of a small church with the monastery and school wings adjoining to the east and west, a residential building and three separate outbuildings.

The church itself was built on the plan of a Greek cross. It is a single-nave building with short arms. The chancel is located in the northern part, while the southern part houses the vestibule and the wooden music choir. A massive cupola dominates the nave. The walls of the nave are pierced with windows in two storeys. The windows at the top are heavily figured and closed with a semicircle. The facades are plain. The façade is framed by a pair of pilasters supporting an abutment, which is finished with an arcaded frieze. A cross dominates above the gabled roof enclosing the façade. At the moment it is, of course, an Orthodox cross.

Inside, we encounter a neo-Baroque altar dating from the 19th century. In addition, the furnishings of the original church were saved in their entirety and transported to Přemysl in 1946. Over time, however, they were largely dispersed to various Felician institutions. Some of the exhibits are still in the Provincial House in Przemyśl. Among them are valuable paintings such as the Vision of Margaret of Alacocque, Our Lady of Czestochowa and St Francis.

Other buildings in the complex include two single-storey buildings adjacent to the church and a new religious house. The church buildings are situated parallel to the churchyard. They do not have any particular stylistic features. The elevations are closed with a profiled cornice and the windows are rectangular, with semi-circular recesses in the western part at the front. Both wings have gabled roofs covered with sheet metal.

The monastic house is located at the western edge of the plot. It is connected to the west wing of the monastery by a small building. It was built on a rectangular ground plan. The interior layout is double-arched with a corridor running through the centre. The façade is five-axis with slightly marked risalits, i.e. slightly protruding rectangular modules "emerging" from the main body. The roofs of the building and the porch are gabled and covered with sheet metal.

The state of preservation of the building is generally good. In the 1960s, new plaster was applied to the church and residential buildings. In the 1990s, styling began to be adapted for Orthodox worship. For example, in 1993 the window on the façade was changed from square to circular.

Time of origin:
1735
Bibliography:
  • Jerzy T. Petrus „Kościół pw. Najświętszego Serca Pana Jezusa i Dom Zakonny ss. Felicjanek (CSSF).” W: „Materiały do dziejów sztuki sakralnej na ziemiach wschodnich dawnej Rzeczypospolitej. Cz. 1: Kościoły i klasztory Żółkwi” T. 2. Kraków: Międzynarodowe Centrum Kultury w Krakowie, 1994, s. 165-168.
Publikacja:
22.07.2024
Ostatnia aktualizacja:
22.07.2024
Author:
Michał Dziadosz
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