The Church of the Martyrdom of St John the Baptist (formerly the Beheading of St John the Baptist) in Sambor is the oldest and tallest surviving building in the town, situated on a hill in the centre. The façade of the church bears the date "1530", testifying to the start of its construction. The building was erected on the site of an earlier church, where the parish had functioned since the 14th century. The construction of the brick church, designed by the architect Jozef Tarnowczyk, began in parallel with the erection of the city walls. The church was also intended to serve a defensive function.

The temple suffered two fires (1637, 1846) after which it was rebuilt. In 1886-1887, metal grilles were installed on the parapets, in 1889 the side aisles were restored and the nave was painted by the painter J. Tabiński. In 1893, the presbytery was renovated. In 1923, stained glass was inserted into the Gothic windows.

In spite of the difficulties during the Soviet era, the parish functioned uninterruptedly, becoming a centre of Polish culture and tradition. Since 1990, the church has been cared for by the Resurrectionist Fathers and the Franciscan Sisters of the Family of Mary.

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