The Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Sumy, built between 1900 and 1911 on the initiative of the local religious community, largely made up of Polish emigrants, is a small church, combining elements of Gothic and Romanesque style in its architecture. Pavlo Charitonenko, an entrepreneur and philanthropist from Sum, invited foreigners to work there, and the Roman Catholic community, composed mainly of Polish craftsmen, engineers and technicians, needed its own place of worship. Charitonenko applied to the land for permission to build a church on his plot of land. The building was constructed of red brick, with a high, sloping roof as a distinctive feature. The church was consecrated by Mogilev Bishop Jan Cieplak as a branch church of the Assumption Cathedral in Kharkiv.

In Soviet times, the building served various functions - first as a warehouse, then to house the Sumy Regional History Museum, and later as a sports hall and school. It was only in May 1994 that the church was returned to the faithful.

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