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ID: dok-000276-P/76994

Cemetery in Zhovkva

ID: dok-000276-P/76994

Cemetery in Zhovkva

There are two cemeteries in Zhovkva - one in Vinnitsa, next to the wooden church, almost entirely with Ukrainian inscriptions, and another in the Lviv Suburb, with inscriptions in Polish in the older part.

Cemetery in Vinnitsa
This cemetery is located in the north-western part of the city, about a kilometre from the parish church. It contains almost exclusively inscriptions in Ukrainian and from the post-war period. It is well maintained.

Hauser mentions a stone obelisk standing right next to the church, decorated with the monogram 'IHS' and a holly motif, with an almost illegible inscription in Polish, where Mikołaj Chnitecki is buried. The tombstone probably dates from the first half of the 19th century.

Cemetery in the Lviv Suburb
Situated in the south-eastern part of the city, the cemetery was probably founded in the early 19th century. It is old, but still active and not badly maintained. Tombstones are scattered on the slopes of a wooded escarpment. The part with Polish inscriptions is adjacent to the street. The necropolis is undergoing progressive deterioration, as evidenced by the fact that Hauser did not find many of the previously noted inscriptions after a few years.

Many valuable gravestones survive in the cemetery. Hauser draws attention to an impressive gravestone of Leonard Slepowron Juściński (d. 1871), insurgent of 1831, Siberian and landowner in the Kingdom of Poland; a stone monument on the grave of Jadwiga Krajewska, née Drzewicka, framed by pilasters at the corners and covered with a roof (d. 1867); or a broken column with a coat-of-arms cartouche on the grave of Baron Stentasch (?) (d. 1865), with a German inscription.

Further along the alley, the gravestone of Camilla von Leiss zu Leimburg, made in the workshop of P. Entele St., is crowned with the sculptures of two angels (now without heads). Still further there are two classical monuments - one topped with a vase entwined with drapery on the grave of Teresa Trautmann-Schmidt (d. 1865), with a German inscription, and the other, belonging to Leokadia von Nikorowicz Waygart (d. 1867), with a similar column and vase but with a different arrangement of drapery. They form (together with the previous ones) a kind of deliberate and harmonious compositional cycle.
In the further parts of the cemetery, Hauser draws attention to tombstones exemplifying solid stonemasonry, such as works in black marble signed by H. Perier from Lviv and L. Schimser.

The author of the study also mentions magnificent stone barrows: one commemorating the 35 Polish soldiers killed in the battle against the Bolsheviks in 1920 and another commemorating the "martyrs of the national cause murdered in the Djibouti forests" in 1918/1919. Barrows were also erected on the graves of the Kicyły couple and members of the Rejowski family (who died between 1892 and 1930).

Other gravestones mentioned include the monument belonging to Clara Czyszek Ansion (died 1859), topped by a figure of St. Clare (?); the neo-Gothic monuments with masquerades belonging to the Górecki family or the gravestone of Joseph Cross (died 1910) in the shape of an unformed cross of pink stone.

Deep inside the cemetery there is a magnificent mausoleum of the Dominican Fathers of Zhovkva, with an inscription in Latin. Near it stands, among other things, a monument topped by a conchoidal plaque (with a statue of the Immaculate) on the grave of the young Emilia Madey. On the escarpment itself, there is a neo-Gothic monument topped by a cross on the grave of the Dominican superiors from Zhovkva - Fr Pius Zlamak (d. 1860) and Fr Hipolit Przesłowski (d. 1869).

Documentation was made for the cemetery (1 cemetery card and 274 tombstones cards) stored in the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. Information about the cemetery published (see bibliography).

Bibliography:

  • „Cmentarze polskie poza granicami kraju” , raport, oprac. B. Gutowski, Warszawa 2022 (maszynopis).
  • Hauser Zbigniew, „Podróże po cmentarzach Ukrainy”, t. III, „Dawna Małopolska Wschodnia. Województwo lwowskie (część wschodnia)", Kraków 2007, s. 303, 304, 305.

Author:

Bartłomiej Gutowski, Wiktoria Grabowska
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