Facade of the palace in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
Garden elevation of the palace in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
The coat of arms of the Tiškevičius family, Leliva, above the entrance to the palace in Vaca Trotskaya, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
The ballroom in the palace in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
The former orangery in the palace in Trakai Voca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
Neo-Gothic side gate and cordegarden in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
Classicist main gate and linden avenue in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
Stables in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
Water tower and a fragment of the granary in Trakai Vaca, photo dr hab. Anna Sylwia Czyż, prof. ucz., 2024, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca
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ID: POL-002133-P

Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca

ID: POL-002133-P

Tiškevičius Palace in Trakai Voca

Trakai Vaka is a former estate of the Tiškevičius family, located between Vilnius and Trakai. Today it is located within the borders of the capital Vilnius and is one of the largest and best-preserved landed estate complexes in Lithuania.

Originally, the estate belonged to the Tatars, who were brought to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by Grand Duke Vytautas at the end of the 14th century. At the end of the 16th century, one of them, Abrahim Zawacki, sold the estate to Pavel Stefan Sapiega (1565-1635). Before the mid-19th century, the estate was purchased by Jozef Tyszkiewicz (1805-1844), marshal of the Oszmiany gentry. He was succeeded by his son Jan Vytautas Tiškevičius (1831-1892), marshal of the Vilnius gentry, married to Izabela Hortensja (1836-1907). After his death, the estate fell to his younger son Jan Jozef (1867-1903), after whom Jan Michal (1886-1939) held it.

The residence in Vaca Trotskaya was organised by Jan Witold Tyszkiewicz, who before 1880 hired the recognised Warsaw architect Leander Marconi (1834-1919). He built a classicist palace, taking care of every detail of the finishing touches, combining it with farm buildings and a neo-Gothic chapel - the family mausoleum (1870). The model for the Tyszkiewicz residence became the Palace on the Water in Łazienki, which was intended not only to recall the history of the Rzeczpospolita, but also the family connections with King Stanisław August. The granddaughter of the king's brother Kazimierz Poniatowski (1721-1800) was Anna Maria, known as Anetka (1779-1867), daughter of Konstancja, née Poniatowska (1759-1830), and Ludwik Tyszkiewicz (1748-1808).

The palace in Waca Torcka is a rectangular building with a basement, a wide and two-storey high central part accentuated with a belvedere. The characteristic element of the façade is a recessed two-column portico. It features a portal with stucco decoration incorporating the Tyszkiewicz family coat of arms, Leliwa. On the garden side, there are two circular porticoes at the edges. On the axis, the architect introduced a large semicircular risalit, which once housed an orangery, an extremely fashionable element in 19th century palaces. The ground floor of the residence was also occupied by a spacious hallway, the Tyszkiewicz flats and dining room, a ballroom connected with two lounges, and a billiard room with a library. The guest rooms and the flats of the sons of Jan Witold and Izabela Hortensja (1836-1907) Tyszkiewicz were organised on the first floor. In the interior, the original decoration has been preserved to this day: coffered ceilings, mosaic floors, panelling and stucco. It is also worth mentioning that the last of the owners of the Trakai Vaca, Jan Michal Tyszkiewicz, led the renovation and modernisation of the building put up by his grandfather. Fascinated by technical innovations, he was one of the first in Lithuania at that time to connect the estate to the palace in Vilnius by telephone.

Two gates lead to the estate, which is surrounded by an extensive park (26.6 hectares) laid out by the renowned gardener Edouard André (1840-1911). The main one, a classicist one with a cordeguard, is located on the west side and leads through a linden avenue to the palace, in front of which an extensive gazebo has been organised. The side gate is neo-Gothic and stands on the south side, next to the neo-Gothic cordegarde and the chapel.

The palace complex comprises a total of a dozen buildings. The oldest of them is the wooden outbuilding of the former owners of the Dąbrowski estate (early 19th century), standing near the palace. It is a small single-storey building covered with a mansard roof, which in the time of the Tyszkiewicz family served as a servants' flat. Other buildings date from the end of the 19th century, including the kitchen and laundry connected to the palace by an underground passage for convenience, and the bathhouse situated by the park pond. In turn, the wooden house of the manager has the shape of a manor house with a four-column porch. The wooden quadrangle was built on an elongated rectangular plan. Also wooden is the barn from around 1900, which has a two-storey recessed gallery at the front. The brick water tower was built on a triangular plan and covered with a pointed roof. It also had a viewing function. The circular building with six massive scarps conceals the well and the icehouse. The stables were built on an H-plan and covered with a mansard roof. Their central part is two-storey and hides the entrance gate. The management of the estate was also located here. Also worth mentioning are the brick granary, the cowshed and the smithy.

Time of origin:
before 1880
Creator:
Leandro Marconi (architekt; Polska), Edouardo André (architekt, ogrodnik; Francja)
Bibliography:
  • T.S. Jaroszewski, „O naśladownictwach pałacu Na Wyspie w Łazienkach, w: Muzeum i twórca. Studia z historii sztuki i kultury ku czci prof. Stanisława Lorentza”, Warszawa 1969, 311-324.
  • M. Omilanowska, „Edouard André i jego realizacje ogrodowe w Polsce i na Litwie”, “Rocznik Historii Sztuki”, t. 34, 2009, 199-237.
Publikacja:
02.08.2024
Ostatnia aktualizacja:
10.09.2024
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