Cezaria Baudouin de Courtenay Ehrenkreutz Jędrzejewiczowa (1885-1967). She was born into an intellectual family in Tartu. Both of her parents were prominent scientists. She completed her primary education partly in Kraków, partly in St. Petersburg. Thanks to the liberalisation of customs, she was able to study as a free student at the History and Philology Faculty of St. Petersburg University. In 1910, she married Max Vasmer. She divorced in 1913. She remarried in 1916. She gave birth to three children. From 1927 to 1935 she worked as a professor at Stefan Batory University in Vilnius. There she taught ethnography and ethnology. From 1935, she worked at the University of Warsaw for four years. She was involved in activities for women. She founded the Polish Women's Association "Spójnia", whose task was to bring together women studying at St Petersburg universities in one environment. She was active in the Women's Civic Labour Union. She researched the folk culture of the Vilnius area. She was the founder of the Ethnographic Museum in Vilnius, where she created a collection of folk fabrics. She left Poland during the war, first going to Jerusalem and then settling in London. There, in 1948, she founded the Polish Scientific Council in Exile (later the Polish Scientific Society in Exile).