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Statue of Our Lady of Rubno, contemporary state, photo Tomasz Balbus, all rights reserved
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Fotografia przedstawiająca Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno
Statue of Our Lady of Rubno, contemporary state, photo Tomasz Balbus
Licencja: all rights reserved, Warunki licencji
Fotografia przedstawiająca Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno
Statue of Our Lady of Rubno, contemporary state, photo Tomasz Balbus, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno
Rubno cemetery, restored tombstone of Jan Konrad Obst, photo Tomasz Balbus, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno
Rubno cemetery, restored tombstone of Maria Obst née Sokolowska (1858-1939), mother of Jan Konrad, photo Tomasz Balbus, all rights reserved
Fotografia przedstawiająca Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno
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ID: POL-002191-P

Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno

ID: POL-002191-P

Manor house of the Obst family in Rubno

Rubno is currently a small village in Lithuania. Just over 100 people live here. What remains of the former manor house of the Obst family is a feral manor park with a concrete basin in which there was a fountain. A statue of the Virgin Mary of Rubno, founded by Jan Konrad Obst, also remains in the cemetery.

Short biography of Jan Konrad Obst
Jan Konrad Obst (1876-1954) was an opera singer, publicist, publisher, populariser of the history of the Vilnius region, and an officer in the Polish Army. He was born in Leipzig, Germany. He was a graduate of the local conservatory (he made his debut at the Leipzig Opera in 1895), and studied history and political economy at Leipzig University. In 1902, he moved to St Petersburg, where he worked on the editorial board of the conservative weekly "Kraj". After the magazine was closed down, he began publishing the Lithuanian Quarterly in 1910 (in Vilnius it was published under the title Lithuania and Ruthenia).

Jan Konrad Obst's life's work was the private Adam Mickiewicz Museum, founded in 1911 in Vilnius, in the Bernardine alley. In 1911, he bought the flat that the poet had rented in 1822 and where Grażyna was written. It was also where Mickiewicz worked on the first volume of Ballads and Romances and the second and fourth parts of Dziady. In the 1930s. Obst donated the flat and museum collection to Vilnius University. He himself, with his wife and mother, moved to Rubno estate, located about 40 km north-east of Vilnius on the road leading from Bujwidz to Lavarichi, near the present Lithuanian-Belarusian border. The Rubno estate was previously owned by Jan Budyński, from whom the Obstas bought it in 1933 for 25,000 zlotys.

The Obst family estate in Rubno in the memories of
. About Rubno itself and its surroundings, the 9th volume of the "Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and Other Slavic Countries" (1888) notes: "Township, village and grange, Vilnius county, in the 4th district, Polish, municipality of Bystrzyca, rural district, Daukszów estate, about 16 versts from the municipality and about 31 versts from Vilnius; the grange has 1 house, 14 Catholic inhabitants, while the village has 15 houses and 83 inhabitants of the same denomination; according to the 1884 census, the township has 14 souls, while the village has 33 souls. There is a Catholic chapel of the Bujwidze parish. The rural district includes the town of Rubno and the villages of Podworzyszki, Rubno, Nowosiółki, Podjeziorki, Berezówka (Brzozówka), Dębina, Dziekaniszki, Łabińce and the hamlets of Munduciszki, Szałkowszczyzna, Popalcie, Czyrele, Grygiszki, Mościszcze I and II, Przybliżyszki, Czyrwiszki, Wiżyszki, Karoliszki, Podjeziorki (Podozierki), in total 119 souls. 157 enfranchised peasants and 36 manor people".

The manor house purchased by the Obsts was located half a kilometre from the village of Rubno. As a child, economist Czesław Noniewicz remembered the appearance of the building as follows: "The manor was wooden, covered with shingles. I used to see it when I attended primary school, as there was also a school there at the time. There were tiled cookers with decorative doors bearing a Greek quadriga.".

The daughter of the co-owner (the last before Obst), Eugenia Stasiuk (née Piętrowa), recalled: ""The house in Rubno was a whole mystery. Through the open porch one entered a huge hall. To the left, a door led to the living room: parquet floor, four windows, oak doors. From here one went to the guest room, the veranda and the library. From the library one entered the dining room, the other entrance was from the hallway. At the end of the hallway was a wood-clad toilet, with a toilet seat, among other things. The kitchen, with a Russian oven for baking country bread, was located downstairs in the cellar room. Next to it was a larder. A beautiful property. Trees everywhere, flowers, a pond". Around the house, apart from fruit trees (apple and cherry trees), there were rowan and chestnut trees. In front of the veranda - flower beds with flowers. In addition to the manor house, there were other farm buildings: a pigsty, a barn, a cattle enclosure (cowshed), a brick cellar, a quadrangle (living quarters for servants), and a village bathhouse. Previously, under the Roubs, there was a stud farm here. The estate included three fruit orchards, fields, meadows, a piece of forest and a pond. The farm kept cows, horses, pigs, poultry. The manor had three avenues: a cherry tree, a lime tree and a birch tree. Behind Obstów, in front of the entrance to the courtyard of the Rubno manor, there was a standing, over a metre high statue of the Virgin Mary (placed on a pedestal), according to local legends 'famous for miracles'. The estate also owned the Chapel of St Matthew".

On the other hand, historian Liliana Narkowicz, in her excellent biography of Jan Konrad Obst, cites other details related to the manor house and also mentions the erection of a statue of the Virgin Mary of Rubno by the new owner in 1935: "[The manor] was wooden and spacious. It had 8 rooms, including a living room, library, dining room, guest room. During the Obsts' stay here, the walls of the spacious living room were covered with decorative plates. Parquet floors everywhere, oak doors. The furniture was stylish, carved. There was no shortage of silver and porcelain. There were several clocks in the house, a radio, a piano. The biggest admiration was the huge number of books and newspapers. Obst's workroom was decorated with a wall inscription: "Those who frequent this house, who wish me, may they themselves have".

Rubno contemporary
In the spring of 1944, the surrounding area around Rubno was the location of the quarters and activities of the 1st Wileńska Brigade of the Home Army of Lieutenant Czesław Grombczewski "Jurand". One of the Home Army photographers, Waclaw Kapusto, pseud. "Orlik", captured the volunteers' oath taking in front of the statue of the Virgin Mary of Rubno. In the summer and autumn of 1944, the Obst manor house was looted by the Bolsheviks and the owner thrown out onto the pavement. He died in oblivion and extreme poverty near Dziekaniszki ten years after the "liberation" of Vilnius by the Red Army.

During the Soviet occupation, the manor house and estate were completely destroyed. All that remained was the statue of the Virgin Mary, whose hands had been cut off by the Bolsheviks.

Today, a restored statue of the Virgin Mary of Rubno stands in the cemetery in Rubno (Kirtimai), covered by a wooden canopy. There are also the graves of the owner of the estate, his mother and wife, and of Ryszard Rouba, "a nobleman of the Drogomir coat of arms", which were restored in 2008 through the efforts of the Polish community.

Time of origin:
1935 - statue of Our Lady of Rubennia; 2008 - grave quarters
Creator:
Jan Konrad Obst (fundator; Wilno)
Supplementary bibliography:

Extension reading: Liliana Narkowicz, Jan Konrad Obst (1876-1954). Publicist, publisher, historian, Bydgoszcz 2004

Publikacja:
06.10.2024
Ostatnia aktualizacja:
06.10.2024
Author:
Tomasz Balbus
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