The battle of Rudnia Baranowska was part of the Volhynia-Podolia battle during the 1920 autumn offensive of the Polish army in Ukraine, during which the Polish 8th Cavalry Brigade of Lt. Col. Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki fought the Soviet 7th Rifle Division of Aleksandr Golikov. The battle took place on the night of 11/12 October 1920 and ended with the victory of the Polish soldiers. Several dozen Red Army soldiers were killed in the battle. About 3,000 prisoners were taken, 7 guns, 60 HMGs, a field hospital, and divisional wagons were captured. Polish losses amounted to 9 dead and 17 wounded.

The dead Polish soldiers were buried in a common grave in a Catholic cemetery, the so-called Polish cemetery, located about 2 km from the village of Rudnia Baranowska. It cannot be ruled out that Polish soldiers killed in other battles in the area were also buried here, as the size of the grave indicates a larger number of those buried. In addition, the memory of local residents has preserved the account of 75-85 Polish soldiers buried here.

The grave takes the form of a large earth embankment measuring 15.5 x 3 m, 60 cm high, It is tightly surrounded by other graves. There is a tall metal cross on it.