View of the castle in the mid-19th century., photo 1848, Public domain
Źródło: M. B.Stechynskyi, "Okolice Galicji"
Fotografia przedstawiająca Zlatý Potok Castle
Zlatý Potok Castle, photo Mykola Vasylechko., 2014
Licencja: CC BY-SA 4.0, Źródło: Wikipedia, Warunki licencji
Fotografia przedstawiająca Zlatý Potok Castle
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ID: POL-000484-P/76026

Zlatý Potok Castle

ID: POL-000484-P/76026

Zlatý Potok Castle

Variants of the name:

Замок у Золотому Потоці

Zlatý Potok Castle is a historic fortress located in the zbaras region of the Ternopil region of Ukraine. It was built between 1568-1631 and was situated on a not very high hill above a gentle valley of a small stream. The construction was initiated by Braclaw voivode Stanislaw Szczęsny Potocki and his wife Maria Amalia Mohylanka-Potocka. It was part of the fortification system of Sigismund III Vasa. It was founded on a square plan, with five-sided towers with protrusions, a three-storey gate from the north and a residential building erected on a rectangular plan. It was a single-storey building, the details of which - like those in the castle - had Renaissance forms. However, its splendour was determined by the massive walls and moat on the south-west side, which made the fortress difficult to access. In the 17th and 18th centuries it remained in the possession of the Potocki family, and in the second half of the 17th century it was even the main residence of Jan Potocki.

The splendour of the castle was interrupted by the Turkish invasion in 1672, when the army under Sultan Mehmed IV conquered the fortress after two days of defence. After the Peace of Buchak in 1673, the castle returned to Polish hands. In August 1676, due to a new Turkish offensive, the Turkish-Tatar army retook the castle. The walls were then partially blown up. Subsequently, the Turkish-Tatar army burned and severely damaged the fortress. The resisting castle crew was also executed. A local legend probably refers to these events, according to which the defenders did not have enough water during the long siege of the fortress by the enemy. At this critical moment, a spring was discovered in the dungeons of the castle, the water of which seemed to be getting to the defenders on its own from a stream flowing out of the fortress.

During its history, the castle changed owners and was rebuilt many times. In the 18th century, it belonged to the well-known representatives of the Potocki family - Mikołaj Wasyl Potocki, Ignacy Potocki, Aleksander Potocki. It remained in the hands of the Potocki family until the 1830s. After that, it passed into the hands of Ludiwek and Ignacy Skwarczyński, and later of the Olszewski family.

It was the Olszewski family who proceeded to build a palace near the castle. They used many of the castle's details, including the marble window frames. It was a rectangular, single-storey building with very deep cellars for living quarters, covered with a low, hipped roof. The main façade of the palace was built in classicist style, while the courtyard and the left side façade had neo-Gothic accents. The central hall and the lounge adjacent to the large salon on the right had Renaissance fireplaces carved from white stone from Stefan Potocki's castle. However, driven to bankruptcy, they had to sell the castle, which successively passed into the hands of Jan Strojewski, the Friedman Hassids of Chernivtsi, and possibly also Antoni Maslewski. In 1875, Rabbi Sadogurski became the next owner of the castle. It was eventually bought by Włodzimierz Hipolit Gniewosz (1838-1908). A well-known politician and social activist. This one tried to restore the importance of Zloty Potok by moving the court, tax office and prison to the castle. He also placed his library of around 2,000 items and a portrait gallery here. A portrait of Włodzimierz Gniewosz by Julian Fałat also hung here. During World War I, the castle was partially destroyed and the art collection was taken to Moscow. After the war, the castle walls were partially demolished, using the material to build a mill. It remained in the hands of the family until 1939. Before that, however, it became a meeting place for the local intelligentsia. They had a small restaurant, a game room and even a courtyard where tennis was to be played. However, in 1935 a fire broke out in the chateau, which led to its destruction. It also destroyed the castle, which, however, was rebuilt by the Gniewosz family, the work being completed in 1938.

During the Second World War, the castle was severely damaged and was used, among other things, as an NKVD infiltration camp. However, it quickly fell into disrepair. It was not until the 1960s that efforts were made to restore it. In the 1990s, the castle was handed over to the Kyiv National Museum, which continues its restoration and opens it to the public.

The three corner towers, the gate tower and the defensive walls have been preserved to this day. The castle itself is in poor condition. In 2008, it was included in the National Reserve "Castles of the Ternopil Region", at which time numerous conservation and restoration works were carried out, including the encasing of part of the northern wall.

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Publikacja:

08.09.2024

Ostatnia aktualizacja:

19.09.2024

Author:

Bartłomiej Gutowski
see more Text translated automatically
View of the castle in the mid-19th century. Fotografia przedstawiająca Zlatý Potok Castle Gallery of the object +1
View of the castle in the mid-19th century., photo 1848, Public domain
Zlatý Potok Castle Fotografia przedstawiająca Zlatý Potok Castle Gallery of the object +1
Zlatý Potok Castle, photo Mykola Vasylechko., 2014

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